Wavy nails - how to cure nail furrows?

What are wavy nails?

Wavy nails refer to changes in the structure of the nail plate. The "waves" on the plate can take various forms, from vertical lines running along the entire length of the nail to pronounced ridges and indentations.

These changes can occur on individual nails or affect all nails on one or both hands. The intensity of nail ridges usually depends on the cause of the nail condition.

Also read: Nail Psoriasis – Causes and Treatment 

What types of nail ridges exist?

Vertical ridges on nails

They usually run from the base of the nail to the free edge. Vertical ridges on nails are the most common type of nail waviness. As we age, our nails lose their condition and appearance. They become drier and thinner, making them more prone to indentations or ridges, especially vertical ones.

However, this is not the only possible cause. Vertical nail ridges can also result from vitamin or mineral deficiencies and various health issues, as the nail plate often reflects the overall condition of the body.

Horizontal ridges on nails

This is a much rarer type of wavy nails. It is often seen as a warning sign that something is wrong in the body. Horizontal nail ridges and other indentations in this direction may indicate disrupted nail growth caused by excessive stress, untreated infections, deficiencies of minerals or vitamins, or past illnesses.

A particularly concerning type is Beau’s lines—deeper transverse ridges that may signal more serious conditions (e.g., diabetes, circulatory disorders, or thyroid diseases).

What are the causes of vertical ridges on nails?

Aging

Vertical ridges on nails can be a harmless part of the natural aging process. They appear in many older adults, and their formation is linked to the weakening condition of the nails. With age, they become thinner and weaker.

Hormonal imbalances

Another possible cause of vertical ridges on nails is hormonal imbalance. Hormones significantly impact the skin on the face and body, hair, and nails. Wavy nails are a common symptom of excess thyroid hormones.

Vitamin and mineral deficiencies

When your diet lacks essential minerals and vitamins, it may manifest in the deterioration of nail condition, including vertical ridges and wavy nails. The most commonly involved vitamins include:

• B vitamins (B2, B6, B12) – essential for nail health
• Vitamin A – responsible for nail hydration
• Biotin, also known as Vitamin B7 – a key component for nail flexibility

Regarding micro and macro elements, the causes of nail ridges may include deficiencies in:

• Iron – essential for strong, uniform nail structure
• Magnesium – necessary for keratin synthesis
• Zinc – promotes healthy nail growth
• Silicon – strengthens the nail plate

Dehydration

Wavy nails can also be a sign of dehydration. That’s why it is essential to drink about 2 liters of fluids daily. Proper hydration helps maintain healthy skin, hair, and nails.

Diseases

Vertical nail ridges may also indicate diseases, especially circulatory, cardiovascular, or digestive disorders. Additionally, stress is a significant factor that can lead to multiple health problems, including heart disease, mental disorders, and a weakened immune system.

What are the causes of horizontal ridges on nails?

The most common causes of horizontal ridges on nails are:

• Mechanical injuries – usually untreated damage to the nail bed or matrix
• The habit of picking or biting cuticles – which can lead to horizontal ridges or inflammation
• Fungal infections negatively affecting nail structure and shape
• Improper nail care or incorrect filing technique

How to treat wavy nails?

It all depends on the cause. If your wavy nails result from nutrient deficiencies, you should implement proper supplementation and focus on a healthier diet. The ridges will gradually disappear as your nail grows.

If the nail matrix is damaged, visiting a dermatologist may be necessary. With the right medications or specialist care, the treatment process for wavy nails can be significantly shortened.

Wavy nails with ridges can be quite a challenge for nail stylists. However, this doesn’t mean they cannot be styled. If you struggle with wavy nails, you can still get hybrid nails or gel manicures!

There are a few important rules to follow to ensure a safe and long-lasting manicure, even for problematic nails with ridges. Here they are:

1. Consider the condition of your nails.
   If wavy nails are a result of weakening or mechanical damage, it’s worth focusing on nail regeneration before applying UV coatings. If your nails are brittle or have deep indentations, it’s best to wait until they become stronger.
   
2. Ensure proper preparation.
   If you decide that your nails are suitable for styling, remember that careful preparation is essential for wavy nails. Thoroughly remove any impurities from the nail surface, dry them, and smooth out the natural surface as much as possible using a file with 180 grit.
   Use a high-quality base coat for gel or hybrid nails. A strengthening base with appropriate ingredients (e.g., keratin or silk proteins) will help even out irregularities and improve adhesion.
   
3. Choose the right product for your nail type.
   For wavy nails, a more flexible gel may be a better choice, as it helps to smooth out nail ridges and improve the overall structure. A camouflage gel is an excellent option with masking properties. You can use it to even out the nail surface before applying the top coat.
   
4. Don't forget nail care.
   Wavy nails may require special care to maintain their healthy condition and appearance. After removing a manicure, it’s a good idea to apply a nail regeneration treatment using oils and moisturizing conditioners that support structural repair.
   The styling of ridged nails should be as gentle as possible, and the application technique should be tailored to the specific needs of the nails.
   

Check out Silcare’s nail care range and learn more about nail conditions on our blog!